Bright sand and shiny water can strongly influence exposure metering. Every wave also changes the distribution of reflections. For a clear beach photograph, inspect light and viewing direction first. A small position change can move a glaring strip of water away from the main subject or deliberately use it as a leading line.
Assess reflections rather than remove them all
Shine shows that water is wet and moving. Suppressing it completely can make the surface less lively. A polarizer can reduce some reflections, but its effect depends on viewing direction and sun position. Rotate it slowly and compare shapes on the water. The strongest effect is not automatically the most suitable.
At a very wide angle, a polarizer can darken the sky unevenly. Inspect the entire area rather than only the centre. It also reduces light, potentially requiring longer exposures or higher ISO. For fast waves or running people, shutter speed must still remain short enough.
Interpret bright subjects correctly
Sand is allowed to look bright. If automatic exposure renders it grey, test positive compensation in small steps. Watch pale clothing, foam and skin at the same time. Tiny sparkling points can remain white; broad lost texture on an important subject is a different matter. Use the histogram together with the image.
For portraits, side shade or a position with indirect illumination may be more comfortable than direct midday sun. Pale sand reflects light upwards and changes facial shadows. Check the actual effect before adding a reflector. Do not ask people to stare into dazzling light for a long time merely to obtain a particular composition.
Keep sand and water away from equipment
Change lenses away from wind and blowing sand where possible. Do not place the camera directly on the beach, and check hands and cloth before cleaning. Salt spray on the front surface can create haze and reflections; remove it according to suitable manufacturer instructions. A sheltered position with a longer lens is often wiser than one final step towards an unpredictable wave.
